Orthogonal Vectors
Vectors for which the scalar product is zero.
The vectors [latex]\overrightarrow{u}[/latex] and [latex]\overrightarrow{v}[/latex] are orthogonal if: [latex]\overrightarrow{u}[/latex] × [latex]\overrightarrow{v}[/latex] = 0.
Therefore, we can write: [latex]\overrightarrow{u}[/latex] ⊥ [latex]\overrightarrow{v}[/latex].
Example
[latex]\parallel \overrightarrow{u}\parallel[/latex] = 1 and [latex]\parallel \overrightarrow{v}\parallel [/latex] = 2
[latex]\parallel \overrightarrow{u}[/latex] × [latex]\overrightarrow{v}\parallel [/latex] = [latex]\parallel \overrightarrow{u}\parallel [/latex] × [latex]\parallel \overrightarrow{v}\parallel [/latex] × cos(θ) = 1 × 2 × cos(90°) = 2 × cos(90°) = 0.