Mathematics and computer science discipline that studies representations of situations concerning relations between objects using graphs.
These representations are abstract models of networks connecting these objects. These models are made up of the elements of “points”, called vertices, and “connections” between these points, called arcs or edges depending on whether the graph is directed or not. The methods used to solve problems in this area can be applied in all areas where the concept of a network intervenes: social networks, computer networks, telecommunications, etc.
Generally, we attribute the birth of graph theory to the famous problem of the Königsberg bridges that captivated the Prussian bourgeoisie in the 18th century. The City of Königsberg, on the Pregel River, had 7 bridges and the question was to find out if you could imagine a route through the city that took each of the 7 bridges only once to return to your point of departure. We now know that such a route is not possible, since Euler demonstrated the impossibility of this route. To do that, Euler defined a kind of traversable graph that are now known as Eulerian graphs. These are graphs that pass through all edges and that you can draw without lifting your pencil.
